Monthly Law Journal Article: Civil Liability for Acts of Off-Duty Officers -- Part One, 2007 (9) AELE Mo. L.J. 101.
     Monthly Law Journal Article: Civil Liability for Acts of Off-Duty Officers -- Part Two, 2007 (10) AELE Mo. L.J. 101.
     Monthly Law Journal Article: Civil Liability for Use of Deadly Force-- Part Three. Supervisory Liability and Negligent/Accidental Acts, 2008 (1) AELE Mo. L.J. 101.
     Police chief had no duty, as a supervisor, to control the off-duty actions of a police sergeant which would make him liable for injuries that a police detective suffered in an off-duty fight with the sergeant. While the chief had the ability to impose disciplinary action for off-duty conduct, this did not impose any "affirmative obligation" on him to enforce the code of conduct in order to protect the detective. Murdock v. Croughwell, No. 16987, 848 A.2d 363 (Conn. 2004). [N/R]