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Employment & Labor Law for Public Safety Agencies
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Age Discrimination - Entry
Fifth Circuit affirms
the dismissal of an ADEA action brought by a 49-year-old rejected police
applicant. He gave unacceptable answers to hypothetical police scenarios
and appeared unable to logically process information. Joseph v. City of
Dallas, #07-11235, 2008 U.S. App. Lexis 9742 (Unpub. 5th Cir.).
Second Circuit upholds
a N.Y. statutory age limit of 35 for new police officers; the law does
not violate the ADEA. In 1986 the Congress amended the ADEA to provide
state and local governments an exception covering the employment of law
enforcement officers and firefighters. Pub. L. 99-592, 100 Stat. 3342,
codified at 29 U.S. Code §623(i). Feldman v. Nassau County, #05-0444,
434 F.3d 177, 2006 U.S. App. Lexis 453, 97 FEP Cases (BNA) 449 (2d Cir.
2006). {N/R}
Rejection of a 51-year-old police applicant
because he was over the maximum age of 35 "was rationally related
to the legitimate state interest of conserving financial resources, as
well as ensuring a physically capable police force ... and fell within
the ADEA's law enforcement exception." Feldman v. Nassau Co. Police
Dept., #04-CV-0900, 349 F.Supp.2d 528, 2004 U.S. Dist. Lexis 25054 (E.D.N.Y.
2004). {N/R}
Federal court upholds a maximum entry age
of 35 for police officers in New York. Feldman v. Nassau Co., #04-CV-0900,
2004 U.S. Dist. Lexis 25054 (E.D.N.Y. 2004). {N/R}
A 74-year-old Philadelphia police recruit,
who was removed from the academy after failing firearms and running tests,
loses his age discrimination lawsuit. Brophy v. City of Philadelphia Police
Dept., #03-CV-4139, 2004 U.S. Dist. Lexis 14665 (E.D. Pa. 2004). [2004
FP Nov]
Federal appeals court upholds maximum entry
age of 32 for Boston police officers. Donohue v. City of Boston, #03-2227,
2004 U.S. App. Lexis 11204 (1st Cir. 2004).{N/R}
Federal appeals court disallows a civil rights
suit filed by a firefighter applicant who was rejected because he was over
age 36; he lacked a property interest in a prospective position as a city
firefighter. Moore v. Muncie Police and Fire Cmsn., #01-3175, 312 F.3d
322, 2002 U.S. App. Lexis 24598 (7th Cir. 2002). {N/R}
The fact that a police applicant is presently
too old under state law to be appointed does not prevent him from recovering
for race discrimination, as he was under the maximum age when he was not
hired. O'Neal v. City of New Albany, #00-3091, 2002 U.S. App. Lexis 11740
(7th Cir. 2002). {N/R}
Federal court refuses to dismiss an ADEA
suit by a 61-year-old police applicant. Purdy v. Town of Greenburgh, #00
Civ. 4363, 178 F.Supp.2d 439 (S.D.N.Y. 200). [N/R]
Older firefighter who failed to pass a college-based
fire academy could bring federal and state age bias claims against the
academy, even though he was not an employee of the college. Claims against
the city and union also survive a motion to dismiss. Tyrrell v. City of
Scranton, #3:CV-00-0738, 2001 U.S. Dist. Lexis 3419, 134 F.Supp.2d 373
(M.D.Pa. 3/2/2001). [2001 FP 51]
Dropping a woman applicant from the firefighter
eligibility list after she reached the maximum age of 35 did not violate
Title VII. The city's home rule ordinance prevailed over state law. Demick
v. City of Joliet, 135 F.Supp.2d 921 (N.D. Ill.). {N/R}
Police Dept. lawfully rejected a 45-year-old
applicant because the 1996 amendment to the ADEA was retroactive to 1993
and extinguished his claim. Kopec v. Elmhurst, #98-858, 193 F.3d 894, 1999
U.S. App. Lexis 24657, 80 FEP Cases (BNA) 1842 (7th Cir. 1999). {N/R}
A new Massachusetts law sets the maximum
age for appointment as a local firefighter or police officer at 32, extended
for up top 4 years for active military service. General Laws Ch. 31 Sec.
58 (8-10-00). {N/R}
Two 60 year-old former L.A. police cadets
recover $1,950,000 for age bias; both had been terminated for allegedly
harassing women cadets. LaGorio {and Robinson} v. City of Los Angeles,
L.A. Super.Ct., 37 (1800) G.E.R.R. (BNA) 221; p. B-1 L.A. Times, Art. #0990014381,
2/15/99. [1999 FP 51]
Federal court in NYC upholds maximum entry
age of 35. 1996 ADEA public safety exception is controlling; Equal Protection
claims fail. Peterson v. City of N.Y., 1998 U.S. Dist. Lexis 7082 (S.D.N.Y.).
[1998 FP 115]
Federal court refuses to dismiss suit of
a 49 year-old applicant who allegedly was rejected because he was "overqualified."
Hamm v. NYC Comptroller, 1998 U.S. Dist. Lexis 2345 (S.D.N.Y.). [1998 FP
68]
Congress amends the ADEA to allow governmental
public safety agencies to impose a maximum entry age. Age Discrimination
Amendment, 29 U.S. Code 623(j), 142 (137-1) Congressional Record H11651
(9/28/96). [1997 FP 3]
EEOC prevails in attacking a maximum entry
age requirement of N.Y. State Parks Police. EEOC v. New York, 1996 U.S.Dist.
Lexis 9595 (S.D.N.Y.). [1997 FP 3]
Federal appeals court upholds rejection of
an "overqualified" applicant; probable job dissatisfaction is
a legitimate basis for exclusion. EEOC v. Ins. Co. of Amer., 49 F.3d 1418
(9th Cir. 1995). [1995 FP 83]
41-year-old LAPD academy ex-trainee wins
$814,000 for allegedly age-biased proficiency scores, resulting in his
termination. DeTeresi v. City of Los Angeles, L.A.Co. Docket #BC052988;
107 (223) L.A.D.J. {V&S} 6. (Super.Ct. 1994). [1995 FP 35]
Applicant who lacked educational requirements
for appointment as a police officer could not recover against the city
for age discrimination, even if the city arbitrarily rejected him because
of his age. Civ. Serv. Cmsn. v. Iowa (Montz), 522 N.W.2d 82 (1994). [1995
FP 55-6]
New York abolishes age 29 maximum for
police officers. Statutory revision allows the state's Civil Service Cmsn.
to approve age requirements that are reasonable minimum qualifications
for the job. N.Y.L. 1994 Ch. 278, 32 (1573) G.E.R.R. (BNA) 883. {N/R}
When computing whether an ADEA suit is timely
filed, the claim accrues as of the date the applicant is passed over in
favor of a younger person, and not the earlier date his name was removed
from the eligibility list. Petrelli v. City of Mount Vernon, 9 F.3d 250
(2nd Cir. 1993). {N/R}
Federal court orders a city to hire a 40-year
old officer because it did not have a maximum age limitation on 3-3-83.
Petrelli v. City of Mt. Vernon, 796 F.Supp. 748 (S.D.N.Y. 1992). [1993
FP 51]
Federal court rules a person attains a specific
age on his or her birthday, not before. Bailey v. City of Lawrence, 972
F.2d 1447 (7th Cir. 1992). [1993 FP 51]
Federal court orders a city to hire a 40-year-old
officer because it did not have a maximum age limitation on 3-3-83. Petrelli
v. City of Mt. Vernon, 796 F. Sup. 748 (S.D.N.Y. 1992). [1993 FP 51]
Specific state law setting maximum age for
appointment of police officers supersedes a general state law prohibiting
age discrimination. Constantine v. White, 569 N.Y.S.2d 765 (A.D. 1991).
[1992 FP 99]
Federal appeals court holds that a refusal
to hire a person because he is "overqualified" can be a "code
word" for "too old." A jury could find that the reason masks
a discriminatory purpose. Taggart v. Time, Inc., 924 F.2d 43, 54 FEP Cases
(BNA) 1628 (2nd Cir. 1991). {N/R}
State law setting maximum age for firefighters
at 30 did not violate the Equal Protection Clause. Timerman v. Bence, 576
N.Y.S.2d 714 (A.D. 1991). {N/R}
Appellate court holds that age of an applicant
at time of application, not age at the time of a later scheduled exam,
is to be used for minimum age purposes. Smithwick v. Levitt, 546 N.Y.S.2d
346 (A.D. 1989).
Federal court strikes down maximum entry
age of 40 law in suit by applicants for state conservation officers. EEOC
v. State of W. Va. Civil Service Cmsn., 45 FEP Cases (BNA) 781, 675 F.Supp.
1021 (S.D. W.Va. 1987).
Federal court refuses to enjoin city over
maximum entry age of 31 years in Ohio fire department. Munteanu v. City
of Barberton, 655 F.Supp. 1357, 43 FEP Cases (BNA) 769 (N.D. Ohio, 1987).
EEOC settles age discrimination lawsuit against
city of St. Louis Fire Department. EEOC v. City of St. Louis, U.S. Dist.
Ct. (E.D. Mo. 7/2/87).
Federal appeals court upholds New York's
maximum age of 29 in suit by 30 year-old. Federal law not applicable. Doyle
v. Suffolk County, 786 F.2d 523 (2d Cir. 1986).
Indiana declines to order city to employ
a 36-year old applicant; federal law did not apply. Sobieralski v. City
of South Bend, 479 N.E.2d 98 (Ind.App. 1985); Rotach v. Connelie, 479 N.Y.S.2d
791 (A.D. 1984).
Michigan holds that age majority act did
not entitle 19-year-olds to apply for police and fire positions. Mich.
Dept. of Civil Rights v. City of Warren, 355 N.W.2d 687 (Mich. App. 1984).
Maximum entry age of 29 in N.Y. is discriminatory
but not unlawful as to applicants 30 to 39, but violates ADEA for those
over 40. Karney v. Clark, 596 F.Supp. 940 (W.D. N.Y. 1984).
Federal appeals court upholds maximum entry
age of 45 for police officers. EEOC v. Univ. of Texas, 710 F.2d 1091 (5th
Cir. 1983).
Federal court throws out Pennsylvania state
statute setting maximum age of 35 for police applicants. EEOC v. County
of Alleghany, 519 F.Supp. 1328 (W.D. Pa. 1981), aff'd 705 F.2d 679 (3rd
Cir. 1983).
Maximum entry age of 30 for firefighters
rejected by Oregon appellate court. Civil Serv. Bd. of Portland v. Bureau
of Labor, 61 Or.App. 70, 655 P.2d 1080 (1982). {N/R}
Federal court upholds law setting maximum
entry age at 29 when applicants in thirties are rejected. Colon v. City
of New York, 535 F.Supp. 1108 (S.D.N.Y. 1982).
District court finds applicants have proved
that maximum entry age of 35 in fire and law enforcement violates federal
law. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. County of Los Angeles,
526 F.Supp. 1135 (C.D. Cal. 1981), aff'd 706 F.2d 1039.
Maximum appointment age of 36 upheld by Texas
appellate court; BFOQ found on expert testimony. Poteet v. City of Palestine,
620 S.W.2d 182 (Tex. Civ. App. 1981).
Maximum appointment age of 29 struck down
as irrational and subject to impermissible exceptions. McMahon v. Barclay,
510 F.Supp. 1114 (S.D. N.Y. 1981).
Virginia Beach consent decree protects police
applicants between ages 40 and 70. EEOC v. City of Virginia Beach, Civil
#79-557-N (E.D. Va. 1980).
Federal Appeals court upholds West Virginia
maximum age limitation for appointment to police forces. Arritt v. Grissell,
567 F.2d 1267 (4th Cir. 1977).
City required to employ 54-year-old parking
enforcement applicant. New York City Dept. of Personnel v. New York St.
Div. of Human Rights, 396 N.Y.S.2d 845 (A.D. 1977).