AELE LAW LIBRARY OF CASE SUMMARIES:
Corrections Law for
Jails, Prisons and Detention Facilities
Federal Tort Claims Act
A federal prisoner
sought damages for injuries allegedly stemming from exposure to asbestos
while working as an electrician for the prison's custodial maintenance
services during his incarceration at Leavenworth. He claimed that proper
protective measures were not taken. Claims against individual defendants
under the Federal Tort Claims Act, 28 U.S.C. §§ 2671 et seq.,
(FTCA), were properly dismissed, as only the U.S. government can be a defendant
under that statute. The defendant government argued, however, that the
plaintiff's exclusive remedy for work related injuries were under the Inmate
Accident Compensation Act. 18 U.S.C. Sec. 4126. Under that statute, federal
prisoners who suffer a work-related injury and who still suffer a residual
physical impairment as a result, can submit a claim for compensation within
45 days of his release date. If he has fully recovered at that time, however,
he can make no such claim. The statute also allows for claims for wages
actually lost by the prisoner while prevented from doing his work assignment
due to his injury. Because of this statute, the appeals court concluded,
FTCA claims against the federal government were also properly dismissed.
The fact that the inmate had a lengthy sentence, and might die before he
is within 45 days of his release date did not alter the result. The Inmate
Accident Compensation Act, however, does not preclude the prisoner from
bringing individual capacity federal civil rights claims against federal
prison employees for alleged deliberate indifference to a serious risk
of harm from exposure to asbestos or other work-relat6ed injuries, so those
claims were reinstated. Smith v. U.S., #07-3242, 561 F.3d 1090 (10th Cir.
2009).
A federal prisoner
failed to establish a claim for cruel and unusual punishment under the
Federal Tort Claims Act (FTCA), 28 U.S.C. § 2401 et seq., since he
did not make a showing of physical injury as required by 28 U.S.C.S. §
1346. Michtavi v. U.S.A., #09-2094, 2009 U.S. App. Lexis 20872 (Unpub.
3rd Cir.).
In a federal prisoner's medical malpractice
lawsuit under the Federal Tort Claims Act, a doctor's letter submitted
did not meet the court's order that the prisoner submit a certificate of
medical merit to comply with Pennsylvania law. The doctor's letter concerning
the prisoner's heart condition did not state that the treatment provided
fell outside the scope of acceptable professional standards and caused
harm, and only stated that the case merited taking a "closer"
look. The lawsuit was dismissed. Booker v. U.S.A., #1:CV-07-1960, 2009
U.S. Dist. Lexis 27152 (M.D. Pa.).
Overturning summary judgment for federal
prison officials in a lawsuit under the Federal Tort Claims Act, a federal
appeals court noted that a severe asthma attack can be life-threatening
like a heart attack, so that further proceedings were required on the prisoner's
claim that officials were negligent when he had an asthma attack. There
were genuine issues of fact as to whether the asthma attack was severe
enough to show physical injuries as required by 28 U.S.C.S. § 1346(b)(2)
and 42 U.S.C.S. § 1997e(e) for recovery for negligently caused emotional
injuries. Perez v. U.S.A., #08-2807, 2009 U.S. App. Lexis 11071 (Unpub.
3rd Cir.)
In a prisoner's lawsuit under the Federal
Tort Claims Act concerning the alleged loss of his personal property, he
failed to adequately establish a right to recover damages from either the
U.S government or a delivery service, even if all his allegations were
true. Johnson v. U.S.A., #08-20369, 2009 U.S. App. Lexis 7977 (Unpub. 5th
Cir.).
Prisoner claimed that correctional officials
were negligent in failing to prevent two other prisoners from stealing
his legal papers, fabricating a false crime they claimed he committed,
and offering to testify against him in exchange for a reduction in their
own sentences. The trial court dismissed the prisoner's claim, brought
against the federal government under the Federal Tort Claims Act. The prisoner
also failed to establish either negligence or intentional infliction of
emotional distress by prison officials. Michtavi v. U.S.A., #4:07-CV-0628,
2009 U.S. Dist. Lexis 18926 (M.D. Pa.).
A detainee suffering from organ failure was
taken to a hospital and restrained there by a handcuff attached to his
bed. He died there from causes unrelated to the handcuffing. A federal
appeals court rejected civil rights claims, holding that the use of handcuffs
in these circumstances was neither punitive nor excessive. There were legitimate
and important security interests involved in keeping detainees or prisoners
adequately restrained while they receive off-site medical treatment. A
negligence claim under the Federal Tort Claims Act was also rejected, in
the absence of any evidence of actual injury flowing from the alleged negligence.
At most, the plaintiff showed that there may have been some "friction
marks" on the detainee's wrists from the handcuffs. Hoyte v. Wagner,
#07-4138, 2009 U.S. App. Lexis 2197 (Unpub. 3rd Cir.).
When federal prison officials charged with
enforcing a non-smoking policy concededly did not do so, the federal government
was not entitled to claim the discretionary function exception to liability
under the Federal Tort Claims Act, 28 U.S.C. Sec. 1346(b) in a lawsuit
brought by a prisoner for exposure to an excessive amount of environmental
tobacco smoke and failure to properly ventilate a federal prison. Summary
judgment was still granted for the government, however, since the prisoner
failed to show an actual injury or a cause and effect relationship between
the officials' alleged negligence and an alleged injury. Abuhouran v. U.S.A.,
No. 07-2465, 2009 U.S. Dist. Lexis 8623 (E.D. Pa.).
The possibility of claims for medical negligence
under 42 U.S.C. Sec 233(a) of the Federal Tort Claims Act does not bar
the pursuing of federal civil rights claims for deliberate indifference
to serious medical needs of prisoners, so that such a claim against employees
and officers of the Public Health Service arising out of the death of a
prisoner from allegedly repeatedly untreated penile cancer should not be
dismissed. Castaneda v. Henneford, No. 08-55684, 546 F.3d 682 (9th. Cir.
2008).
When prisoners were injured in a vehicle
accident while on the bus being transported to a work assignment, claims
for their injuries were work-related, had to be filed against the Federal
Bureau of Prisons under the Inmate Accident Compensation Act, 18 U.S.C.S.
§ 4126, so that claims the prisoners filed under the Federal Tort
Claims Act were properly dismissed. Baynes v. U.S.A., No. 07-6352, 2008
U.S. App. Lexis 21775 (Unpub. 6th Cir.).
Trial judge properly denied a motion
to dismiss by officers and employees of the Public Health Service in a
civil rights lawsuit for alleged repeated failures to treat a prisoner's
penile cancer, which was claimed to have caused his death. The Federal
Tort Claims Act, 42 U.S.C. Sec. 233(a) does not substitute for federal
civil rights claims, and, accordingly, the court rejected the argument
that the defendants were entitled to absolute immunity on the claims asserted.
Castaneda v. Henneford, No. 08-55684, 2008 U.S. App. Lexis 20812 (9th Cir.).
While a prisoner had received a recommendation
for consideration for a low-altitude housing assignment, his doctor had
not indicated in any way that such an assignment was medically necessary.
Further, there was no showing of deliberate indifference to his complaints
about exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke, since the defendants did investigate
his complaints and try to provide an accommodation. The court found, however,
that these same allegations may have been enough for negligence claims
against the U.S. government under the Federal Tort Claims Act, but that
further proceedings were required to determine whether negligence was shown
by the facts. The prisoner's claims concerning the denial of exercise was
rejected, since he refused opportunities to exercise that he was offered.
Ajaj v. U.S.A., No. 07-1073, 2008 U.S. App. Lexis 19786 (10th Cir.).
The plaintiffs in a wrongful death lawsuit
concerning the death of an inmate after he was forcibly removed from his
cell by seven correctional officers sufficient alleged facts which, if
true, would show that the officers violated the prisoner's clearly established
Eighth Amendment rights, so that the defendants were properly denied qualified
immunity on those claims. Additionally, when summary judgment was denied
on certain claims based on the existence of disputed issues of material
fact, there was no jurisdiction to hear an appeal of those denials. Iko
v. Raley, No. 07-7569, 2008 U.S. App. Lexis 16607 (4th Cir.).
Federal prisoner could not pursue claims
against Bureau of Prisons personnel for confiscation of his property, items
of which they allegedly either failed to return, destroyed, or gave to
another prisoner. An exception to the Federal Tort Claims Act (FTCA), 28
U.S.C. Sec. 2671 for damage to property detained by law enforcement officers
applies to federal correctional officers, as recently determined by the
U.S. Supreme Court in Ali v. Fed. Bureau of Prisons, No. 06-9130, 128 S.
Ct. 831 (2008), so that there was no jurisdiction to hear his claims. That
provision, found in 28 U.S.C. Sec. 2680(c), is an exception to the FTCA's
waiver of sovereign immunity. Gordon v. U.S.A., No. 06-4961, 2008 U.S.
App. Lexis 10850 (Unpub. 3rd Cir.).
Federal appeals court orders further proceedings
as to whether prisoner adequately showed that he suffered physical injuries,
including an asthma attack, after a prisoner who was drunk and smoking
cigarettes was placed in his cell in order to be able to recover mental
or emotional damages as required by 28 U.S.C. Sec. 1346(b)(2) of the Federal
Tort Claims Act, and 42 U.S.C. Sec. 1997e(e) of the Prison Litigation Reform
Act. Perez v. U.S., No. 07-1199, 2008 U.S. App. Lexis 6494 (3rd Cir.).
A federal prisoner transferred from a facility
in Atlanta, Georgia to one in Kentucky allegedly noticed that a number
of items were missing from his property, which the federal Bureau of Prisons
had shipped to his new facility. He filed a lawsuit under the Federal Tort
Claims Act (FTCA), 28 U.S.C. Sec. 1346, seeking recovery of damages. The
property involved included items of religious and nostalgic significance,
including two copies of the Qur'an, a prayer rug, and religious magazines,
with an estimated total value of $177. The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that
an exception to the FTCA's waiver of sovereign immunity for actions of
federal employees, which bars liability arising from the detention of any
property "by any officer of customs or excise or any other law enforcement
officer," 28 U.S.C. Sec. 2680(c), applies to all law enforcement officers,
including federal correctional officers. The Supreme Court therefore upheld
the dismissal of the prisoner's lawsuit. Ali v. Fed. Bureau of Prisons,
No. 06-9130, 2008 U.S. Lexis 1212.
Federal government was not liable under the
Federal Tort Claims Act, 28 U.S.C. Sec. 2671 et seq. for failure to protect
a prisoner from an assault by another inmate on the basis of the alleged
failure of the prison staff to supervise and monitor a stairwell while
prisoners were passing through it. The federal government was entitled
to summary judgment under a "discretionary function" exception
to liability under the Act, as the prisoner failed to show any evidence
that there was a mandatory duty to monitor a specific inmate or the area
of the stairwell. Queen v. U.S.A., No. 05-3341, 2007 U.S. Dist. Lexis 78823
(D. Kan.).
Because of a discrepancy between an inventory
of inmate property taken at a prior state facility and the inventory taken
at a federal facility to which the inmate was transferred, there was a
genuine issue as to whether the property was "pilfered" while
it was in the custody of federal prison employees, requiring further proceedings
on the inmate's claim under the Federal Tort Claims Act, 28 U.S.C. Sec.
1346(b)(1) for the loss of his property, a thermos, a pair of eyeglasses,
and a pair of sunglasses. Mathis v. U.S.A., No. 8:05-3000, 2007 U.S. Dist.
Lexis 65611 (D.S.C.).
Trial court improperly dismissed prisoner's
claim under the Federal Tort Claims Act, 28 U.S.C. Secs. 1346(b) and 28
U.S.C. Sec. 2680(a)-(n) seeking damages for a correctional officer's alleged
negligent loss of his property while he was being transferred to a new
cell. The federal appeals court rejected the trial court's ruling that
28 U.S.C. Sec. 2680(c), in stating an exception to liability under the
Act for the detention of goods "by any officer of customs or excise
or any other law enforcement officer" applied to actions of a correctional
officer. That section, the appeals court ruled, in the phrase "any
other law enforcement officer," only references law enforcement officers
who are "functioning in a capacity akin to that of a customs or excise
officer." The plaintiff's claim, therefore, was not barred by Sec.
2680(c), so further proceedings were required. ABC v. DEF, No. 06-1362,
2007 U.S. App. Lexis 21155 (2nd Cir.).
Appeals court rejects prisoner's argument
that independent contractors, such as a medical center and doctors providing
medical services to federal prisoners were agents of the government. The
waiver of sovereign immunity contained in the Federal Tort Claims Act,
28 U.S.C. Secs. 2671-2680 does not apply to negligent acts of independent
contractors. Additionally, even if the Chief Health Programmer at a facility
was found to be a federal employee, a doctor's alleged negligent action
of tearing the prisoner's stitches while conducting an examination of his
eye was a "subsequent cause," so that any negligence by the Programmer
was not the cause of the prisoner's injuries. The prisoner's claims were
therefore properly dismissed. Lopez-Heredia v. University of Texas Medical
Branch Hospital, No. 05-11365, 2007 U.S. App. Lexis 16102 (5th Cir.).
In a lawsuit by a federal prisoner under
the Federal Tort Claims Act, 28 U.S.C. Sec. 2680, concerning an alleged
attack on him by other prisoners, the court ruled that the only proper
defendant was the United States government, rather than the Bureau of Prisons,
the defendant the plaintiff prisoner named. The court therefore properly
dismissed the Federal Tort Claims Act claim. The prisoner also failed to
properly state a federal civil rights claim against defendants who were
supervisory prison officials, since he did not show that they were either
involved personally in the incident, or had carried out an improper policy
that caused the injuries he suffered. The conduct claimed, at most, suggested
possible negligence, which is inadequate for a showing of a violation of
constitutional due process. Toledo v. Bureau of Prisons, No. 06-11265,
2007 U.S. App. Lexis 13441 (5th Cir.).
A Florida prisoner's dental malpractice claim
accrued in 1999 for purposes of a two-year state statute of limitations,
since he then knew that several root canals had failed, even if he did
not learn the exact reason for the failure until later. His malpractice
claim, filed in 2002, was therefore time-barred. The prisoner's Eighth
Amendment claim alleging cruel and unusual punishment could not be pursued
against a federal agency under the Federal Tort Claims Act (FTCA), 28 U.S.C.
Secs. 2671-80, and accordingly was properly also dismissed. Trupei v. U.S.
Dept. of Justice, No. 06-15005, 2007 U.S. App. Lexis 14641 (11th Cir.).
Federal prison officer did not act within
the scope of his employment during his alleged sexual assault on a female
prisoner. His alleged wrongful actions did not arise from a legitimate
employment duty or goal furthering his employer's interests. The fact that
the officer was successfully criminally prosecuted for abuse of a ward
under 18 U.S.C. Sec. 2243(b) did not bar the U.S. government from denying
that the officer was acting outside of the scope of his employment, because
a conviction for that offense did not establish, under Texas state law,
that the officer acted within the scope of his employment. Accordingly,
the Federal Tort Claims Act (FTCA), 28 U.S.C. Sec. 1346(b) sovereign immunity
waiver did not apply. Shirley v. U.S., No. 06-10654, 2007 U.S. App. Lexis
11696 (5th Cir.).
The limited waiver of sovereign immunity
contained in the Federal Tort Claims Act, 28 U.S.C. Sec. 2671 et seq. did
not apply to claims concerning the loss of property by a law enforcement
officer. An appeals court upheld the trial court's determination that,
in a federal inmate's lawsuit against federal prison officials for the
alleged taking of his mail and personal property, federal prison officials
constituted "other law enforcement officers," and therefore could
not be liability for his losses. Bruscino v. Pugh, No. 06-1182, 2007 U.S.
App. Lexis 9136 (10th Cir.).
While the U.S. government was not liable
for the intentional actions of one federal prison guard who was convicted
of sexual assault of an inmate, there was an issue of material fact as
to whether two other guards, who allegedly brought the inmate to that guard
at his request, giving him unmonitored access to a female prisoner, in
violation of prison regulations, after midnight, led to the assault. Summary
judgment denied on plaintiff prisoner's lawsuit under the Federal Tort
Claims Act, 28 U.S.C. Sec. 1346. Davis v. U.S., 3:03-CV-0415, 2007 U.S.
Dist. Lexis 11198 (N.D. Tex.).
The Westfall Act, 28 U.S.C. Sec. 2679(b)(1)
provides federal employees absolute immunity from tort claims for actions
taken in the course of their official duties, and gives the Attorney General
the power to certify that a federal employee sued for wrongful or negligent
conduct was acting within the scope of his office or employment at the
time of the incident. Once that certification takes place, the U.S. government
is substituted as the defendant instead of the employee, and the lawsuit
is then governed by the Federal Tort Claims Act. Additionally, if the lawsuit
began in state court, the Westfall Act provides that it shall be removed
to federal court, and renders the Attorney General's certification "conclusive"
for purposes of the removal. Once the certification and removal take place,
the federal court has the exclusive jurisdiction over the case, and cannot
decide to send the lawsuit back to state court. In this case, the U.S.
Supreme Court also ruled that certification can take place under the Westfall
Act in instances where the federal employee sued asserts, and the Attorney
General also concludes, that the incident alleged in the lawsuit never
even took place. Osborn v. Haley, No. 05-593 2007 U.S. Lexis 1323. [N/R]
The federal government, according to a federal
appeals court, has waived immunity for the negligent loss of prisoners'
property by government employees under the Federal Tort Claims Act, 28
U.S.C. Sec. 1346(b), and subsequent amendments to the Civil Asset Forfeiture
Reform Act, which changed the applicable section of the FTCA, 28 U.S.C.
Sec. 2680(c), did not alter this. Accordingly, the trial court improperly
dismissed a lawsuit for the value of items of property allegedly lost during
a prison "shakedown." Dahler v. U.S., No. 05-4782, 2007 U.S.
App. Lexis 664 (7th Cir. January 12, 2007) [N/R]
In federal prisoner's lawsuit claiming that
Bureau of Prisons (BOP) personnel did not enforce anti-smoking policies
restricting smoking to certain designated areas, a federal trial court
ruled that BOP staff had discretion, under the policies and regulations,
concerning carrying out the policies. The court therefore dismissed the
complaint based on the discretionary function exception of the Federal
Tort Claims Act (FTCA), 28 U.S.C. Sec. 2680(a). Reed v. U.S., No. 06-CV-096,
2006 U.S. Dist. Lexis 90547 (E.D. Ky.). [N/R]
Prisoner could pursue his claim that Bureau
of Prisons (BOP) officers lost his personal property, since immunity for
law enforcement officers for such losses under the Federal Tort Claims
Act (FTCA), 28 U.S.C. Sec. 2680(c) did not apply to those officers. Mendez
v. U.S., No. 05-1716, 2006 U.S. Dist. Lexis 76099 (D.N.J.). [N/R]
Prisoner's lawsuit against Bureau of Prisons officer
claiming that his negligence caused the loss of his property was improperly
dismissed by the trial court. The actions of the officer were not covered,
under these circumstances, by an exception, 28 U.S.C. Sec. 2680(c), to
the Federal Tort Claims Act, 28 U.S.C. Secs. 1346 and 2671-2680, waiver
of sovereign immunity. Bureau of Prison officers are not "law enforcement
officers" for purposes of Sec. 2680(c)'s exception to the waiver of
sovereign immunity, the court ruled. U.S. v. Andrews, No. 04-7269, 441
F.3d 220 (4th Cir. 2006) [N/R]
A correctional officer employed by the federal
Bureau of Prisons (BOP) is not a "law enforcement officer" within
the meaning of the Federal Tort Claims Act (FTCA) section, 28 U.S.C. 2680(c)
which excludes from the Act's waiver of sovereign immunity claims for the
"detention of goods" by any officer of customs or excise "or
any other law enforcement officer." As a result, the trial court improperly
dismissed a FTCA lawsuit by a prisoner for the loss of his property which
he claimed was caused by the negligence of a BOP officer. Andrews v. U.S.,
No. 04-7269, 441 F.3d 220 (4th Cir. 2006). [N/R]
A federal prisoner's lawsuit under the Federal
Tort Claims Act (FTCA), 28 U.S.C. Secs. 1346(b), 2671-80, alleging that
he was injured as a result of a negligent failure to train him to use machinery
safely during his prison employment was barred by the provisions of the
Federal Prison Industries' Inmate Accident Compensation (IAC) system under
18 U.S.C. Sec. 4126. Cordoba v. Morrison, No. 04-3642, 155 Fed. Appx. 933
(8th Cir. 2005). [N/R]
Even if alleged confiscation of federal prisoner's
art supplies violated a Bureau of Prisons' regulation, this was insufficient
to state a claim for damages under the Federal Tort Claims Act, 28 U.S.C.
Sec. 2680(a), since the discretionary function exception to the statute
applied. The regulation itself made discretionary decisions regarding the
removal and disposal of art and hobbycraft items. Terrell v. Hawk, No.
05-2642, 154 Fed. Appx. 280 (3rd Cir. 2005). [N/R]
In a medical malpractice lawsuit brought
against prison medical personnel under the Federal Tort Claims Act, 28
U.S.C. Secs. 1346(b), 2671-80, a prisoner failed to prove that they were
negligent when they failed to diagnose and treat his deep vein thrombosis.
The prisoner complained of one of the symptoms of suchan illness--shortness
of breath--only once before an attack resulted in him being hospitalized,
so that there was no violation of applicable medical standards. Goines
v. Pugh, No. 04-1394, 152 Fed. Appx. 750 (10th Cir. 2005). [N/R]
Federal government was entitled to sovereign immunity
in prisoner's lawsuit claiming that his books and manuscript, mailed to
his home by prison officials, were lost. While he claimed that this was
due to negligence by the federal Bureau of Prisons (BOP) and post office,
an exception to the Federal Tort Claims Act (FTCA), 28 U.S.C. Sec. 1346(b),
2680(b) for "loss, miscarriage, or negligent transmission of letters
or postal matters" barred liability. Georgacarakos v. U.S., No. 04-1363,
420 F.3d 1185 (10th Cir. 2005). [N/R]
Inmate's lawsuit under the Federal Tort Claims
Act, 28 U.S.C. Sec. 2401(b) was properly dismissed as untimely when he
failed to file it within six months of the Bureau of Prisons' rejection
of his application for compensation for prison guards' alleged negligence
in failing to protect him from a beating by other inmates. Myles v. US
, #02-3944, 2005 U.S. App. Lexis 4646 (7th Cir.). [N/R]
Federal prisoner stated a viable claim against
the U.S. government under the Federal Tort Claims Act (FTCA), 28 U.S.C.
Sec. 2675(a), for the alleged wrongful confiscation and destruction of
his property by a prison employee. The claim that the prison employee did
not follow federal prison regulations in destroying the property before
the inmate had a chance to establish his ownership of it, however, did
not state a constitutional due process claim when the property was seized
from the prison's machine shop rather than the prisoner's cell and the
government provided adequate post-deprivation remedies. Bigbee v. United
States, No. 05-C-66, 359 F. Supp. 2d 806 (W.D. Wis. 2005). [N/R]
Federal appeals court orders additional proceedings
on whether family members of deceased inmate suffered severe emotional
distress, under Oklahoma law, following his death, in a case where family
members were awarded $1.1 million in damages under the Federal Tort Claims
Act based on alleged outrageous conduct in failing to disclose the battered
condition of his body before shipping it to them for burial. Trentadue
v. Lee, No. 01-6444, 397 F.3d 840 (10th Cir. 2005). [2005 JB Apr]
Surviving family of federal prisoner who
died from cancer while incarcerated did not have standing under the Federal
Tort Claims Act, 28 U.S.C. Sec. 2671 et seq., to pursue claims for emotional
distress they allegedly suffered from his death. Gonzalez-Jiminez De Ruiz
v. U.S., #03-10274, 378 F.3d 1229 (11th Cir. 2004). [N/R]
U.S. government could not be sued, under
the Federal Tort Claims Act, 28 U.S.C. Sec. 2671 et seq., for negligent
hiring, supervision, management, and training of an officer who allegedly
raped a female jail inmate while assigned to transport her between correctional
facilities. Because the underlying claim arose out of the alleged commission
of intentional wrongdoing, the rape, and the FTCA only provides for lawsuits
based on negligence, the U.S. government was immune from the plaintiff's
claims. Martinez v. U.S., No. CV02-1164, 311 F. Supp. 2d 1274 (D.N.M. 2004).
[N/R]
Prisoner's claim to recover damages for a
sweat suit worth $25 allegedly negligently lost in federal prison laundry,
brought under the Federal Tort Claims Act, was properly dismissed as frivolous.
The amount of damages sought in a complaint pursued as a pauper, federal
appeals court rules, is a factor which may be taken into consideration
in making a determination of frivolity under the Prison Litigation Reform
Act. Nagy v. FMC Butner, No. 03-6736, 2004 U.S. App. Lexis 15042 (4th Cir.).
[2004 JB Sep]
Statute of limitations on former federal
prisoner's claim against the U.S. government under the Federal Tort Claims
Act (FTCA), 28 U.S.C. Secs. 1346, 2671 et seq., for negligence in miscalculating
his release date began to run when he obtained habeas relief from his continued
incarceration, rather than on the date that the miscalculation was allegedly
made. Federal appeals court overturns dismissal of lawsuit as time-barred.
Erlin v. U.S., No. 00-16986, 364 F.3d 1127 (9th Cir. 2004). [N/R]
U.S. government could not be held liable
under Federal Tort Claims Act (FTCA), 28 U.S.C. Secs. 1346, 2671 et seq.,
for alleged negligent care provided to a federal prisoner by a doctor who
was an independent contractor rather than an employee. Statute does not
authorize lawsuits against the government for the actions of independent
contractors. Jones v. U.S., 305 F. Supp. 2d 1200 (D. Kan. 2004). [N/R]
Federal prison officials were not liable
for the death of a prisoner beaten to death by two fellow inmates with
a fire extinguisher. Their decisions regarding where to house the prisoner
and how to protect his safety fell within the "discretionary function"
exception to the Federal Tort Claims Act, as those decisions were discretionary
and "grounded in policy," since there was no mandatory course
of conduct for officials to follow. Montez v. U.S., No. 02-6303, 359 F.3d
392 (6th Cir. 2004). [2004 JB Jun]
Dismissal of federal prisoner's claim for
alleged loss of his property due to negligence of prison employees was
proper. No such claim could be brought under Federal Tort Claims Act, and
prisoner failed to exhaust available prison grievance procedure as to any
civil rights claim. Further, mere negligence leading to loss of property
cannot be the basis of a constitutional claim. Steele v. Federal Bureau
of Prisons, #02-1492, 355 F.3d 1204 (10th Cir. 2003). [2004 JB May]
Federal appeals court reinstates prisoner's
claim under the Federal Tort Claims Act for negligently caused injuries
resulting from him falling from his top bunk after he was given a medical
pass entitling him to a bottom bunk. Bultema v. U.S., No. 02-3490, 359
F.3d 379 (6th Cir. 2004). [2004 JB May]
Mother of federal prisoner shot and killed
while residing in a halfway house could not pursue her claims that the
Bureau of Prison violated his constitutional right to protection under
the terms of the Federal Tort Claims Act (FTCA), 28 U.S.C. Sec. 1346, 2671
et seq. The FTCA does not waive the sovereign immunity of the U.S. government
for constitutional claims, but rather for negligence. Phillips v. Federal
Bureau of Prisons, 271 F. Supp. 2d 97 (D.D.C. 2003). [N/R]
Federal correctional officers were exempt
from liability for damages to prisoner's eyeglasses, sent to prison laundry
in pocket of his coat, during move from his former cell to administrative
segregation. Under Federal Tort Claims Act (FTCA), 28 U.S.C. Sec. 2680,
officers were entitled to immunity under "detention of goods"
exception to liability, even though they were not aware that the eyeglasses
were in their possession. Bramwell v. U.S. Bureau of Prisons, #02-55516,
348 F.3d 804 (9th Cir. 2003). [N/R]
U.S. government's alleged negligent failure
to supervise experiments in which prisoner's testicles were exposed to
high levels of radiation could not be the basis of liability under the
Federal Tort Claims Act, since such failure fell within a "discretionary
function" exception to the Act. Bibeau v. Pacific Northwest Research
Foundation, Inc., No. 01-36147, 339 F.3d 942 (9th Cir. 2003). [2003 JB Nov]
Prisoner's libel
and slander claims against federal prison employee for calling him a liar
and a "vexatious litigant with a morally deviant character" could
not be pursued under the Federal Tort Claims Act (FTCA), 28 U.S.C. Sec.
2671 et seq., since that statute specifically exempts defamation claims.
Beckwith v. Hart, 263 F. Supp. 2d 1018 (D. Md. 2003). [N/R]
No liability for federal prison officials
for death of prisoner stabbed by another inmate following a fight over
a chess game. Having one officer supervising 219 inmates with violent propensities
during a facility-wide move did not, by itself, establish either a violation
of civil rights or negligence under the Federal Tort Claims Act, in the
absence of any expert testimony or other evidence that this caused the
assault. Officer did not act with deliberate indifference to assaulted
prisoner's serious medical needs when he summoned help as soon as he learned
of the stabbing. Robinson v. U.S. Bureau of Prisons, 244 F. Supp. 2d 57
(N.D.N.Y. 2003). [2003 JB Jul]
Federal prisoner's civil rights claims concerning
alleged confiscation of his wheelchair and destruction of his leg braces,
along with discontinuation of his physical therapy following transfer to
a new facility, were properly dismissed for failure to exhaust available
administrative remedies. Prisoner submitted requests for administrative
remedies to warden and then sent new requests to Regional Director instead
of submitting appeals to the Regional Director, and no appeals were ever
made to the Director of National Inmate Appeals. Federal Tort Claims Act
(FTCA), 28 U.S.C. Sec. 2401(b) claims not filed within 6 months of receiving
notice of administrative agency denial were time barred. Smith v. U.S.,
#02-1172, 53 Fed. Appx. 514 (10th Cir. 2002). [N/R]
Indiana state law did not impose any duty
on the federal Bureau of Prisons to assist a diabetic employee who was
involved in a fatal auto accident while driving home after becoming ill
at work. Defendant had no responsibility to give him medical assistance,
prevent him from leaving, or provide him with transportation home. No liability
for employee's death under the Federal Tort Claims Act, 28 U.S.C. Sec.
2680(a). Stockberger v. United States, 225 F. Supp. 2d 949 (S.D. Ind. 2002).
[N/R]
298:155 Trial judge's award of $1.8
million in damages for suicide of pre-trial detainee in federal jail overturned;
suicide after six months of incarceration was not foreseeable when prisoner
had no known prior history of suicide attempts or thoughts; award of $1.6
million for pain and suffering while hanging to death was excessive when
no reasoning for the award was offered by the court. Jutzi- Johnson v.
United States, #00-2411, 263 F.3d 753 (7th Cir. 2001).
289:6 Federal prisoner could not sue doctors
employed by the Public Health Service for violation of his constitutional
rights; a lawsuit against the U.S. government under the Federal Tort Claims
Act was his exclusive remedy for any problems arising from his medical
treatment by them. Seminario Navarrete v. Vanyur, 110 F. Supp. 2d 605 (N.D.
Ohio 2000).
[N/R] Defamation exception to the Federal
Tort Claims Act (FTCA) barred federal correctional officer's intentional
tort claim that was not different in any way from his already dismissed
defamation claim. Brumfield v. Sanders, No. 00-3275, 232 F.3d 376 (3rd
Cir. 2000).
258:86 Federal prison did not act negligently
in failing to prevent prisoner's exposure to TB bacteria when precautions
complied with Centers for Disease Control guidelines. McNeal v. United
States, 979 F.Supp. 431 (N.D.W.Va. 1997).
[N/R] Former prisoner could not bring lawsuit
under Federal Tort Claims Act based on her allegedly improper detention
in federal custody following expiration of her state sentence; federal
prison officials were also entitled to qualified immunity since it was
not clearly established that she was entitled to credit against her federal
sentence for the time she spent in state custody. Puccini v. U.S., 978
F.Supp. 760 (N.D. Ill. 1997).
Plaintiff inmate did not "exhaust"
his administrative remedies before filing a lawsuit against the U.S. government
under the Federal Tort Claims Act; fact that plaintiff's administrative
claim was rejected after such a suit was filed did not alter requirement
that suit be dismissed as prematurely filed. McNeil v. U.S., 113 S.Ct.
1980 (1993).